Tips to Lowering Blood Sugar in Diabetes

Tips to Lowering Blood Sugar in Diabetes

Hypertension   September 26, 2013

Lowering Blood Sugar in Diabetes Mellitus is very difficult to do, the key appropriate diet is often overlooked so that blood sugar levels continue to rise. In normal people, blood sugar levels can be reabsorbed by the cells to be processed into energy as a source of human motion. Whereas in diabetic patients, a simple sugar remains in the blood stream and cause blood sugar levels to rise. Therefore, for patients with diabetes need to add fibrous foods in the daily diet.

Reduce Excess Fat

Excess fat will affect the sensitivity of cells to insulin substances in the body, which then disrupt the function of insulin to absorb blood sugar. This will result in a rise in blood sugar levels drastically. Reduce excess fat to lower blood sugar is best, of course with regular exercise. Burn fat also aims to maintain a healthy weight and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. In this regard, please note.

Herbs for Diabetes Patients

Herbs are believed to reduce blood sugar levels naturally very much. The type of these plants include; bitter melon, turmeric, ceremai, bitter, mango leaves, gotu kola, ginseng, red betel leaf. That need to be considered in the use of herbs to lower blood sugar levels, is about the possibility of hypoglycemia. The use of herbal plants is certainly for a while, and not good if consumed continuously. To keep the best blood sugar levels naturally by adjusting the diet.

How to cultivate food for people with diabetes

Processing of food consumed will affect how patients with diabetes keep blood sugar levels. For example, to cook the rice to be consumed by people with diabetes is to use a regular pan is heated on the stove, not the engine or electric rice cooker appliance. It aims to keep the unraveling of complex carbohydrates into simple carbohydrates, and trigger a rise in blood sugar levels.

Cooking vegetables for diabetics, should not be too long. It is intended that the content of complex carbohydrates and nutrients in vegetables are not damaged. Diabetes sufferers, should also reduce fried foods. As a substitute, you can stir frying, grilling or using a vacuum frying techniques with particular cookware.

7 Ways to Take Care of Elderly Affected Hypertension

7 Ways to Take Care of Elderly Affected Hypertension

Hypertension   September 26, 2013

Hypertension is a condition where a person experiences an increase in blood pressure above normal indicated by the systolic number (top) and the bottom number (diastolic) blood pressure on examination using a blood pressure measuring device either in the form of mercury cuff (sphygmomanometer) or other digital devices .

The normal value of a person's blood pressure with height, weight, activity level and general health normal is 120/80 mmHg. In daily activities, normal blood pressure is stable with a numeric value range. But in general, the numbers decreased blood pressure during sleep and increased time when activity or exercise.

Here are some important things to consider in caring for elderly people who have hypertension:

1. Elderly affected by hypertension, decreased organ function, including the sense of taste. Usually the elderly will likely feel less salt or food was bland, although according to the usual size, salinity was fitting. Because of this, you need to do is to add sugar or spices cooking on food, but it is recommended not to use because of the flavor flavoring has a high salt content. In addition, if you want to buy food such as snacks and fast food, consider the salt content listed on the packaging.

2. Reduce foods containing sodium to less than 100 mmol / day (less than 6 g of sodium chloride, or less than 2.4 g of sodium per day).

3. Help the elderly to reduce weight up to a healthy weight and eat a diet rich in fruits and vegetables.

4. Help the elderly to limit consumption of caffeine and alcohol.

5. Accompany the elderly to light exercise such as walking, tai-chi, gymnastics heart that can be done 3-5 times / week for 30-45 minutes. However, avoid the habit of standing in a long time and perform strenuous activities, such as going up - and down the stairs.

6. Remind elderly, to change positions slowly. For example, when Elderly want to stand up from a lying position, preferably in advance Elderly sitting for about 5 minutes. If it does not feel dizzy, then stand slowly.

7. Help the elderly to measure blood pressure to elderly health worker, clinic or other health facility.

Decreased Cardiac output related to Hypertension

Decreased Cardiac output related to Hypertension

Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions   September 07, 2013

Nursing Care Plan for Hypertension - Nursing Diagnosis : Decreased Cardiac output



Hypertension is the term used to describe high blood pressure.

Blood pressure is a measurement of the force against the walls of your arteries as your heart pumps blood through your body.

Blood pressure readings are usually given as two numbers -- for example, 120 over 80 (written as 120/80 mmHg). One or both of these numbers can be too high.

The top number is called the systolic blood pressure, and the bottom number is called the diastolic blood pressure.

• Normal blood pressure is when your blood pressure is lower than 120/80 mmHg most of the time.
• High blood pressure (hypertension) is when your blood pressure is 140/90 mmHg or above most of the time.
• If your blood pressure numbers are 120/80 or higher, but below 140/90, it is called pre-hypertension.(nlm.nih.gov)

Decreased Cardiac output

Inadequate blood pumped by the heart to meet metabolic demands of the body

Defining Characteristics:

• Altered heart rate/rhythm: arrhythmias (tachycardia, bradycardia);
• palpitations;
• EKG changes;
• altered preload:
• jugular vein distention;
• fatigue;
• edema;
• murmurs;
• increased/decreased central venous pressure (CVP);
• increased/decreased pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP);
• weight gain;
• altered afterload: cold/clammy skin;
• shortness of breath/dyspnea;
• oliguria;
• prolonged capillary refill;
• decreased peripheral pulses;
• variations in blood pressure readings;
• increased/decreased systemic vascular resistance (SVR);
• increased/decreased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR);
• skin color changes;
• altered contractility: crackles;
• cough;
• orthopnea/paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea;
• S3 or S4 sounds;
• behavioral/emotional: anxiety;
• restlessness

Nursing Diagnosis for Hypertension : Decreased Cardiac output related to increased afterload, vasoconstriction, myocardial ischemia, ventricular hypertrophy

Goal: Clients want to participate in activities that lower blood pressure / cardiac workload

Outcomes:

• Blood pressure within an acceptable range of individuals.
• Rhythm and heart rate stabilized in the normal range.

Hypertension Nursing Interventions and Rational :

1. Monitor your blood pressure . Measure in both arms / thighs for initial evaluation . Use the proper cuff size and accurate technique .
R / : Comparison of pressure gives a more complete picture of the involvement / field of vascular problems.

2 . Note the presence , quality of central and peripheral pulses .
R / : pulse on the carotid , jugular , radial and femoral probably observed / palpable . Pulse in the legs may be decreased , reflecting the effect of vasoconstriction ( increased SVR ) and venous congestion .

3 . Auscultation of the heart tone , and breath sounds .
R / : S4 commonly heard in patients with severe hypertension due to atrial hypertrophy ( increase in volume / pressure atrium ) . Development S3 , showed ventricular hypertrophy and malfunction . Cracles existence , wheezing may indicate pulmonary congestion secondary to the occurrence or chronic heart failure .

4 . Observe skin color , moisture , temperature , and capillary refill time .
R / : The pale , cool , moist skin and slow capillary refill time may be related to vasoconstriction or reflect decompensation / decrease in cardiac output .

5. Note the general edema / specific.
R /: May indicate heart failure, kidney or vascular damage.

6. Provide a quiet, comfortable, reduce, activity / environment commotion, limit the number of visitors and length of stay.
R /: Helps to reduce sympathetic stimulation; increase relaxation.

7. Maintain restrictions on activities, such as, resting in bed / chair; schedule rest periods without interruption; aids patients perform self-care activities as needed.
R /: Reduce stress and tension that affect blood pressure and hypertensive disease course.

8. Perform actions that comfortable, such as., Back and neck massage, elevating the head of the bed.
R /: Reduce discomfort and can reduce sympathetic stimulation.

9. Encourage relaxation techniques, manual imagination, vision activities.
R /: to reduce stress design, create a calming effect, so it will decrease blood pressure.

10. Monitor response to medication to control blood pressure.
R /: response to drug therapy "stepped" (which consisted of diuretics, sympathetic inhibitors, and vasodilators) depends on the individual and synergistic effects of the drug. Because of these side effects, it is important to use the drug in the least amount and lowest doses.